White flour as we know it today is a product of the industrial revolution. Freshly ground whole grain flour goes rancid quickly because of the oil in the germ of the grain, which is, coincidentally, where nearly all of the nutrients are found. When food started becoming mass produced and shipped, flour needed to become shelf stable, so the bran and germ were removed and the remnant (called the middling) was ground and packaged. (Whole wheat flour that you buy on the shelf has just had the bran returned for fiber, but not the germ with the nutrients.) A problem arose when people consuming the white flour started becoming ill. They were missing the nutrients found in the germ and vitamin deficincies led to disease and health problems. That is when white flour became fortified with some basic nutrients such as niacin. The healthier alternative to eating fortified flour, of course, is to eat grain the way nature intended, whole, and grind it yourself. With the purchase of a grain mill, this is easy to do.
I use my own ground wheat flour in every recipe. I usually just substitute it for white flour without any other modifications, and we have come to prefer the denser texture and richer taste. The one consideration I make is to use hard white wheat for yeast breads and soft white wheat for quick breads, cookies, cakes, etc. I also grind rye, spelt, and corn, and there are numerous other grains/flours to experiment with.
One step further: grain is actually fairly difficult for the body to digest and you will hear of sprouting grain and soaking flour as a means of "predigesting" the grains to allow the body to better assimilate the nutrients they contain. Other cultures use this practice frequently and we used to much more so with the tradition of sourdough breads, even passing down a starter within families. An excellent book on this topic, and many others, that also includes recipes, is Nourishing Traditions by Sally Fallon.
Basic Whole Wheat Bread
1 1/2 Tbsp instant yeast
1/2 Tbsp gluten (optional)
1/2 Tbsp dough enhancer (optional)
1/2 Tbsp salt
1/4 c. honey
1/4 c. canola or olive oil
Mix all ingredients in a stand mixer on speed 2 for 9 min. Divide into two loaves, place in greased loaf pans. Let rise 15 min., bake at 350 for 30 min. Easy!
What do you think of this technique? Would you try it?
One step further: grain is actually fairly difficult for the body to digest and you will hear of sprouting grain and soaking flour as a means of "predigesting" the grains to allow the body to better assimilate the nutrients they contain. Other cultures use this practice frequently and we used to much more so with the tradition of sourdough breads, even passing down a starter within families. An excellent book on this topic, and many others, that also includes recipes, is Nourishing Traditions by Sally Fallon.
